To inform stakeholders of the regulatory measures relating to trade in rhino horn, developed in terms of the National Environmental Management: Biodiversity Act, 2004 (Act No. 10 of 2004) (NEMBA). The domestic trade in rhino horn was prohibited by notice in the Gazette on 13 February 2009 (set aside by the High Court of South Africa in 2015). The challenges at the time were the misuse of the permit system and the laundering of illegally obtained rhino horn into the legal system to export rhino horn legally, for illegal international trade; breach of the provisions of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES); inability to trace the origin of rhino horn of illegal origin.